{"id":18513,"date":"2024-07-02T11:43:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T09:43:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lica.ch\/?p=18513"},"modified":"2025-11-16T12:13:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T10:13:24","slug":"how-a-personal-loan-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/reglementation\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-dun-credit-a-la-consommation\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding how consumer credit works"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Would you like to know how consumer credit works? Then this article is sure to provide you with all the answers you need. <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/demande-de-credit-prive-en-ligne\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Taking out a private loan<\/a> is a major commitment over a relatively long period of time. So it's crucial to understand how it works before choosing your private credit solution. In this new article, Lica shares its knowledge to help consumers make the right choices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Consumer credit is all about mathematics...<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If just reading the title makes your heart beat faster or your throat tighten, then skip the next few lines! They don't really matter, apart from amusing the mathematicians. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, consumer credit can be summed up in a single mathematical formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_1.webp\" alt=\"Consumer credit\" class=\"wp-image-27835\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_1.webp 400w, https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_1-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_1-18x5.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Not a very sexy formula! But it's the formula lenders use to determine the monthly payment you'll have to make when taking out a consumer loan. Here are the details of this formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>m = monthly payment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C = capital borrowed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>t = borrowing rate in %<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N = duration of loan in months<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Now that you know the calculation method, you have two options for simulating the cost of <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/personal-loan-2\/calculate-maximum-loan-amount\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">your private credit<\/a>. Take a sheet of paper, a pencil, your calculator and be patient, or use our simulator at the following link:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">The financial aspect is central to the calculation of a consumer loan. However, before determining a monthly payment, a lending institution needs to determine a long-term risk management strategy. We'll look at this in the next chapter. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk management<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To be profitable, lending institutions need to plan and manage a long-term approach to risk.  Lending funds via consumer credit does present risks. To be profitable in the long term, these risks must be kept to a minimum! To achieve this, a lending institution determines its business plan according to a number of key processes. These processes will enable it to guarantee a certain level of profitability. This, despite losses on some of the consumer credit granted. Here are the 3 main risk management processes detailed in this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc49 To obtain a consumer loan, you need to have a good credit score.\u00ab<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Not far from the American system, to obtain a consumer credit, you have to be well known. <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/personal-loan-2\/factors-that-determine-your-loan-interest-rate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">as a quality borrower.<\/a> In other words, if you're a regular borrower and a good payer, your score will be very high. On the other hand, if you've never taken out a loan before, your score will be low. With a good score, as a borrower you'll get advantageous terms. But that's not all: a lending institution will establish <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/personal-loan-2\/required-documents-to-get-a-loan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a control checklist<\/a> which will determine the precise scoring of each of these borrowers. Here are the different factors that can influence your score.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Your consumer credit experience<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Your personal situation as a borrower (family, profession, housing, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Your ability to repay your loan based on your income and financial situation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>To determine a borrower's score, it's crucial to know his or her situation inside out. That's why Lica takes the time necessary to prepare a quality file with each of its customers. A clear, favorable file, <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/personal-loan-2\/main-reasons-for-a-loan-refusal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">will increase your chances<\/a> obtain a consumer credit with good conditions.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc49 Proof of borrowing capacity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A lending institution's biggest fear is losing its funds. In fact, if a borrower can no longer repay his or her private loan, there's a good chance that the creditor will be obliged to claim what is owed to him or her through <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kmu.admin.ch\/kmu\/fr\/home\/savoir-pratique\/finances\/comptabilite-et-revision\/insolvabilite-clients\/requisition-de-poursuite.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a pursuit requisition<\/a>. In this configuration, it is not uncommon for the debtor (borrower) to refuse to recognize his obligation to repay his consumer credit. The borrower will lodge an opposition, and it will be up to the debtor (the lending institution) to prove his right to repayment. To do this, it submits a complete file to the judge, containing all the elements required to demonstrate that it has granted consumer credit, and has scrupulously verified its customer's borrowing capacity. Generally, the following documents will serve as proof that a detailed analysis of the borrower's situation has been carried out. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Proof of income, such as salary slips, tax notices or bank statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Establish a realistic, documented budget based on the situation at the time the funds are loaned.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identification and classification of the borrower according to the usual standards of the lending profession<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In the event that the lending institution is unable to prove that it has granted consumer credit in strict compliance with <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fedlex.admin.ch\/eli\/cc\/2002\/593\/fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">consumer credit law<\/a>, If the applicant does not have a credit history, he or she may never be able to repay the loan. For this reason, it is crucial that the lending institution establishes a solid file on the applicant before granting a consumer credit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc49 Setting the interest rate on your consumer credit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to establishing a score and a complete file when granting a consumer credit, the lending institution must ensure a good return on the funds loaned. This is made possible by scrupulously determining <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/personal-loan-2\/factors-that-determine-your-loan-interest-rate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the interest rate<\/a> to be applied to each consumer credit granted. To achieve this, one could imagine a breakdown of the costs to be covered by the lending institution as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Administrative and advertising expenses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current operating expenses <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Remuneration of employees and intermediaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bad debt losses due to borrower insolvency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The cost of capital borrowed and used to grant consumer credit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The company's profit margin and shareholder remuneration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, the rate is weighted according to the borrower's score. According to this logic, the rates offered on the Swiss market currently range from 3.9% to 9.95%. The rate obtained when applying for a consumer credit will therefore vary according to the lending institution's cost structure and the individual situation of each borrower. The aim is to cover all the above-mentioned costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Swiss consumer credit market<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Switzerland, there are around ten lending institutions sharing the consumer credit market. When competition is fierce, it's crucial to enlist the help of <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a neutral, independent intermediary<\/a>. Each institution applies a different analysis method to your file, and therefore offers more or less advantageous conditions depending on your situation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_2.webp\" alt=\"Consumer credit\" class=\"wp-image-27836\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_2.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_2-300x94.png 300w, https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_2-768x240.png 768w, https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Credit-a-la-consommation_IMG_2-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When you use Lica's services, you benefit from direct access to the main players in the market, while guaranteeing the highest acceptance rate for your application. Our experts analyze and prepare your application before you apply for a consumer credit. This way, you can avoid unnecessary rejections that could permanently block your application due to incorrect registration at <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zek.ch\/fr-ch\/preneurs-de-credit-et-de-leasing\/donnees-sur-ma-personne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Central credit office (ZEK)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lica makes it easier to obtain consumer credit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Obtaining a consumer credit on the best possible terms is no mean feat! Given the multitude of providers and the need to submit an impeccable file, it is highly recommended to be accompanied by a quality intermediary. In addition to preparing your file according to the different standards of financial service providers, <a class=\"lien-blog\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lica.ch\/en\/lica\/benefits-of-getting-a-loan-with-lica\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lica <\/a>is able to guide you to the right solution the first time. This saves you time and money, and avoids unnecessary rejections that can be detrimental to your scoring. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our credit specialists will guide you through the entire consumer credit application process in a neutral and confidential manner!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do you have any questions before submitting an application? Our advisors are available 7 days a week to answer your questions directly on WhatsApp. Ask us for more information and we'll be happy to help!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vous souhaitez conna\u00eetre le fonctionnement du cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation ? Alors cet article va certainement vous apporter toutes les r\u00e9ponses souhait\u00e9es. Contracter un cr\u00e9dit priv\u00e9 est un engagement important sur une dur\u00e9e plus ou moins longue. Il est donc crucial de bien comprendre son fonctionnement avant de choisir sa solution de cr\u00e9dit priv\u00e9. Dans [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":27837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reglementation"],"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation - Comprendre son fonctionnement","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Le cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation est un pr\u00eat d'argent moyennant une r\u00e9tribution au pr\u00eateur pour sa prise de risque. D\u00e9couvrez son fonctionnement.","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation - Comprendre son fonctionnement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 la consommation est un pr\u00eat d&#039;argent moyennant une r\u00e9tribution au pr\u00eateur pour sa prise de risque. 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